Measurements of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background on degree angular scales

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Anisotropy, Microwaves, Background Radiation, Spectrum Analysis, Interstellar Matter, Infrared Radiation, Cosmic Dust, Astronomy, Thermal Emission, Spectral Emission, Point Sources, Millimeter Waves, Infrared Astronomy Satellite

Scientific paper

The third flight of the Millimeter Anisotropy Experiment (MAX) has made two searches for anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at millimeter wavelengths and angular scales of 0.5. The first scan in the region near the star Mu Pegasi detected a large signal in the 6, 9, and 12/cm channels which has the spectrum expected for emission from interstellar dust. Correlation of the expected signal from the Infrared Astronomical Survey (IRAS) to the signal in the 12/cm channel indicates that the signal in the 12/cm channel is due to emission from interstellar dust. Signal in excess of the expected dust signal in the 6 and 9/cm channels is possibly due to CMB anisotropy. The second scan was located in the region near the star Gamma Ursae Minoris. Measurements had been made in this region during the second flight of the MAX experiment. Excess signal were detected in the 6 and 9/cm channels with a spectrum consistent with CMB anisotropy. The third flight data has correlated structure in the 6 and 9/cm channels. Spectral analysis indicates that the structure is consistent with CMB temperature fluctuations. Spectral constraints eliminate emission consistent with the Rayleigh-Jeans portion of a thermal spectrum and emission from 20 K and 5 K dust as sources of the signal. Amplitude constraints eliminate synchrotron, bremsstrahlung and radio point sources as the source of the emission. The signal is well explained by fluctuations in the CMB with delta Trms/TCMB = 4.7 +/- 0.8 x 10-5.

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