Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10^18 eV

Details Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10^18 eV Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10^18 eV

2010-02-03

arxiv.org/abs/1002.0699v1

Phys.Rev.Lett.104:091101,2010

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

Accepted for publication by PRL

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.091101

We describe the measurement of the depth of maximum, Xmax, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays. Almost four thousand events above 10^18 eV observed by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory in coincidence with at least one surface detector station are selected for the analysis. The average shower maximum was found to evolve with energy at a rate of (106 +35/-21) g/cm^2/decade below 10^(18.24 +/- 0.05) eV and (24 +/- 3) g/cm^2/decade above this energy. The measured shower-to-shower fluctuations decrease from about 55 to 26 g/cm^2. The interpretation of these results in terms of the cosmic ray mass composition is briefly discussed.

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