Mass loss in red giants and supergiants

Details Mass loss in red giants and supergiants Mass loss in red giants and supergiants

Sep 1976

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976apjs...32..115s&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, vol. 32, Sept. 1976, p. 115-145.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

76

Giant Stars, Line Spectra, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Mass Ejection, Stellar Spectrophotometry, Supergiant Stars, Chromosphere, High Resolution, K Lines, Late Stars, Luminous Intensity, Mass Transfer, Stellar Models, Stellar Spectra

Scientific paper

The circumstellar envelopes surrounding 13 late-type giants and supergiants have been studied using a homogeneous collection of high-resolution photoelectric scans of strong optical resonance lines. A method for separating circumstellar from stellar components of the lines allows a quantitative determination of physical conditions in the envelopes and of rates of mass loss at various positions in the red-giant region of the H-R diagram. Strengthening of the circumstellar spectrum with increasing luminosity and later spectral type is probably caused by an increase in the mass of the envelopes and not by decreased ionization of metals. The mass-loss rate for individual stars is proportional to visual luminosity and is correlated with the intensity of chromospheric emission in the Ca II K line. The bulk of the mass return to the interstellar medium in the red-giant region comes from normal giants, with a rate comparable to that of planetary nebulae. There may be evidence in the line profiles that the envelopes are spatially and kinematically complex.

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