Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
May 2004
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004agusm.p52a..02c&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2004, abstract #P52A-02
Mathematics
Logic
0659 Random Media And Rough Surfaces, 6225 Mars
Scientific paper
Radar penetration of mantling layers, and scattering from buried objects or interfaces, is a topic of current interest in both terrestrial and planetary remote sensing. We examine the behavior of surface and sub-surface scattering interfaces, and the types of information that may be obtained from observations in different polarizations and wavelengths. These theoretical results are compared with AIRSAR and SIR-C data for terrestrial arid environments. Our results are also applied to the basic design of a Mars orbital synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system, for which we draw the following conclusions. (1) Mapping of buried geologic features is best accomplished using VV polarization, at an optimal wavelength determined by the competing effects of antenna gain, attenuation in the dust, and the reduction in effective surface roughness with wavelength. For reasonable values of dust depth and loss properties, P-band frequencies offer the best opportunity for detection of moderately rough, buried features. (2) The relative roles of surface and sub-surface scattering may be determined using measurements in HH and VV polarization, with a requisite channel gain calibration better than 0.5 dB. (3) The depth of a mantling layer (or ice mass) cannot be directly inferred from multi-wavelength observations; even for HH and VV measurements in two wavelengths, we only obtain an estimate of the combined effects of dust depth and loss tangent. Mantle or ice layer depth may be inferred from the interferometric correlation of backscatter measurements collected on suitably spaced orbital passes. While additional information may be gained by collecting scattering data in more polarizations or wavelengths, we suggest that the primary science goals of a Mars orbital radar could be accomplished by a single-wavelength, P-band system capable of collecting VV and HH polarizations with the calibration and orbit control needed to permit interferometric analysis.
Campbell Bel
Freeman Anthony
Maxwell Timothy
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