Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufm.p62b..11k&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #P62B-11
Other
5410 Composition, 5464 Remote Sensing, 6207 Comparative Planetology, 6255 Neptune
Scientific paper
Visible-infrared spectroscopy has a long history of providing compositional discoveries in the solar system. A primary goal of the Mars visible-infrared spectral community is to provide information to enhance the exploration of Mars. We are entering an era of Mars exploration with missions every ~2 years. It is critical that each mission provide information to optimize the success of the next mission. That will not occur effectively unless the data can be analyzed on a ~2-year rate. Our current knowledge of spectral properties of materials and effects of the natural environment are not sufficient for the accurate interpretations needed for such time critical objectives. Relevant instruments include the 1996 TES, 2001 THEMIS, 2003 Mars Express OMEGA and PFS, 2003 MER Pancam and Mini-TES, and the 2005 CRISM. Two critical gaps that cannot be filled by individual researchers alone exist in moving toward the goal of rapid and accurate analysis. These are in coordinated "end-to-end" field testing and public spectral libraries. Three related gaps are in data from terrestrial sites to aid interpretations of the orbited spectrometers, lack of high quality development data to support landers, and delays in funding non-flight team members owing to lack of coordination between research and analysis proposal dues dates and mission data releases. A detailed discussion of the each of these areas is in a workshop report through the web site below. The two critical gaps are summarized below. Field Testing. Field/rover, airborne/satellite, and telescopic measurements are sensitive to very different effects, and these differ from those present in the lab. Thus a convincing determination of uncertainties requires demonstration through coordinated "end-to-end" field testing, using: (1) Data sets of appropriate terrestrial analog sites that are measured with both geometric and spectral fidelity as close as possible to flight instruments; (2) Interpretation as applied to data of Mars; (3) Reporting interpretations at a community workshop, including a "blind test"; (4) Validation through ground truth. This will: (1) Test mission protocols and interpretation methods ; (2) Develop theoretical ties and address uncertainties in detectability, uniqueness of identifications, abundance mapping, and atmospheric compensations; (3) Prepare the community to interpret flight data in a timely manner; (4) Help define and highlight gaps in public spectral libraries, and the importance of the libraries and theoretical work to interpretations. Coordination through an independent group is critical to maintain and facilitate a clear focus on addressing the central questions. This is imperative to support timely interpretations and to plan and manage future flight instruments, but it cannot be achieved by individual researchers alone. Public libraries of spectroscopic data. Interpretation quality is limited to the quality of the accessible spectral libraries. Current public libraries focus on specific issues or conditions (e.g. major groups of igneous minerals). Primary gaps include (1) measurements of other weathering products, coatings, surface textures, particle size ranges; (2) measurements under simulated Martian conditions; (3) transfer of private libraries into the public domain; and (4) systematic development of fundamental optical constants for modeling.
Hapke Bruce
Kirkland Laurel
McAfee John
Mustard John
Ramsey M.
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