Mathematics – Number Theory
Scientific paper
2006-08-04
Additive combinatorics, 287--305, CRM Proc. Lecture Notes, 43, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2007.
Mathematics
Number Theory
20 pages, 5 figures; this version contains many theorems and conjectures not in earlier versions
Scientific paper
Since addition is commutative but subtraction is not, the sumset S+S of a finite set S is predisposed to be smaller than the difference set S-S. In this paper, however, we show that each of the three possibilities (|S+S|>|S-S|, |S+S|=|S-S|, |S+S|<|S-S|) occur for a positive proportion of the subsets of {0, 1, ..., n-1}. We also show that the difference |S+S| - |S-S| can take any integer value, and we show that the expected number of omitted differences is asymptotically 6 while the expected number of missing sums is asymptotically 10. Other data and conjectures on the distribution of these quantities are also given.
Martin Greg
O'Bryant Kevin
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