Major oxygen-containing functional groups present in humic and fulvic acid fractions isolated from contrasting marine environments

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The major oxygen-containing functional groups present on various fractions of humic and fulvic acids extracted from different marine clays are carboxyls, phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyls and carbonyls. The total acidity of the different fractions ranges from 2 to 7 m-equiv./g of organic matter and appears to arise mainly from carboxyl groups rather than phenolic hydroxyls. The carbonyl content of marine organic matter appears to be high in relation to the other functional groups. It is also high as compared to the carbonyl content in soil organic matter. The depositional environment is probably conducive to the accumulation and preservation of the carbonyl groups. The oxygen content of an overlying water column does not appear to exercise much influence on diagenetic changes in the organic matter associated with clays as no appreciable differences were noticed in the functional group content and elemental analyses of organic matter from reducing and non-reducing environments.

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