Magnetic Anomalies Antipodal to Large Impact Basins on the Moon

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1517 Magnetic Anomalies: Modeling And Interpretation, 1595 Planetary Magnetism: All Frequencies And Wavelengths, 5420 Impact Phenomena, Cratering (6022, 8136), 5440 Magnetic Fields And Magnetism, 6250 Moon (1221)

Scientific paper

The high resolution lunar-wide magnetic anomaly map derived from Lunar Prospector (LP) vector magnetometer data has revealed weak anomalies over the nearside large impact basins flooded by mare basalts. Strong anomaly features are observed over most of the Nectarian and Pre-Nectarian aged lunar highlands. In particular, regions antipodal to some of the largest basin-forming impact craters show strong magnetic anomaly concentrations. Of the 43 basins investigated here, antipodal regions of 11 basins show these anomalous features with strengths in excess of 5-25 nT at LP's mapping altitude (30 km). These distinct anomalous concentrations were previously known to occur only at the antipodes of Imbrium, Orientale, Serenitatis and Crisium basins. The mean magnetic anomaly strength within each antipodal region when plotted against increasing age of the antipodes shows two age groupings with similar magnetic behavior. The first age grouping - (Imbrium, Orientale, Serenitatis and Crisium) is of Imbrium to Late Nectarian in age. This grouping is correlative with the peak magnetic field enhancement between 3.6 and 3.9 Gyr, inferred from paleomagnetic data from the returned Apollo samples. The second age grouping ( Lorentz, Coulomb-Sarton, Tranquillitatis, Cognitum and Insularum) is of Mid to Early Pre-Nectarian age. This grouping has not been correlated to any known global magnetic field enhancement event, and needs further investigation to ascertain the origin of the anomalies. The present work supports the antipodal hypothesis as one of the possible mechanisms to explain the observed anomalies at the antipode of the impact basin. The absence of appreciable anomalies at the 32 other antipodes, however, indicates the importance of other processes, and superposition effects, that have operated on the Moon during its history.

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