Computer Science
Scientific paper
Jan 1983
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983natur.301..225s&link_type=abstract
Nature, vol. 301, Jan. 20, 1983, p. 225, 226.
Computer Science
128
Europa, Satellite Surfaces, Water Erosion, Albedo, Heat Transmission, Silicates, Space Observations (From Earth), Spaceborne Photography, Tides, Voyager 1 Spacecraft, Voyager 2 Spacecraft, Jupiter, Satellites, Europa, Water, Liquids, Resurfacing, Surface, Features, Composition, Texture, Absorption, Ultraviolet, Wavelengths, Sulfur, Photometry, Comparisons, Density, Silicates, Albedo, Models, Craters, Differentiation, Theoretical Studies, Earth-Based Observations, Heating, Source, Temperature, Accretion, Rad
Scientific paper
Arguments for recent resurfacing of Europa by H2O from a liquid layer are presented, based on new interpretations of recent spacecraft and earth-based observations and revised theoretical calculations. The heat flow in the core and shell due to tidal forces is discussed, and considerations of viscosity and convection in the interior are found to imply water retention in the outer 60 km or so of the silicates, forming a layer of water/ice many tens of km thick. The outer ice crust is considered to be too thin to support heat transport rates sufficient to freeze the underlying water. Observational evidence for the calculations would consist of an insulating layer of frosts derived from water boiling up between cracks in the surface crust. Evidence for the existence of such a frost layer, including the photometric function of Europa and the deposits of sulfur on the trailing hemisphere, is discussed.
Cassen Patrick M.
Reynolds Ray T.
Squyres Steve W.
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