Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Sep 1996
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996dps....28.0401h&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #28, #04.01; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 28, p.1070
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
The vast majority of studies of planetary surfaces using Hapke's photometric model have found moderately backscattering single particle phase functions. In contrast, most laboratory studies suggest that particles should exhibit strong forward scattering lobes. This has led to the suggestion that the backscattering behavior of the planetary particles is due to a complex particle structure and texture. One promising candidate is particles which contain internal scatterers such as inclusions, microcracks, and bubbles. Even if the individual scatterers are forward scattering, the particle as a whole may be backscattering. However, Mischenko argues that in a densely packed medium (such a planetary surface) it is the individual scatterers rather than the particle as a whole which form the fundamental scattering units and to whom derived properties apply. In order to study this question, a Monte Carlo routine was developed to examine light scattering by spherical properties containing isotropic internal scatterers in a densely packed surface. As expected, classical radiative transfer assuming the aggregate as the scattering unit is appropriate in the high porosity limit. However, even at porosities as high as 90% the effects of close packing are noticeable with classical radiative transfer calculations significantly (10% or more) underestimating the scattering at moderate to high phase angles. Conversely, assuming the individual scatterers as the scattering unit leads to a significant overestimate of the scattering at higher phase angles even at porosities as low as 27.5%. Rather the truth lies somewhere in between. These results show that close packing affects the scattering in a complex way. Classical radiative transfer and models based on it such as Hapke's and Lumme and Bowell's, whether assuming the aggregate as a whole or the individual scatterers as the fundamental scattering unit, can provide only a rough approximation to the scattering by a densely packed surface. This work was performed while the author held a National Research Council-JPL Research Associateship.
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