Late-time Entropy Production from Scalar Decay and Relic Neutrino Temperature

Details Late-time Entropy Production from Scalar Decay and Relic Neutrino Temperature Late-time Entropy Production from Scalar Decay and Relic Neutrino Temperature

2003-09-04

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0309135v1

Phys.Rev.D68:083519,2003

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

13 pages, to appear in PRD

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.68.083519

Entropy production from scalar decay in the era of low temperatures after neutrino decoupling will change the ratio of the relic neutrino temperature to the CMB temperature, and, hence, the value of N_eff, the effective number of neutrino species. Such scalar decay is relevant to reheating after thermal inflation, proposed to dilute massive particles, like the moduli and the gravitino, featuring in supersymmetric and string theories. The effect of such entropy production on the relic neutrino temperature ratio is calculated in a semi-analytic manner, and a recent lower bound on this ratio, obtained from the WMAP satellite and 2dF galaxy data, is used to set a lower bound of ~ 1.5 x 10^-23 Gev on the scalar decay constant, corresponding to a reheating temperature of about 3.3 Mev.

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