Other
Scientific paper
May 1966
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1966esrv....1..247w&link_type=abstract
Earth Science Reviews, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 247-286.
Other
Scientific paper
SummaryLate Paleozoic glaciation has been reported from India and Pakistan, Africa, South America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar, Falkland Islands, Mexico, and Massachusetts, United States. Glacial origin of sediments in Mexico and Massachusetts is doubtful. Areas glaciated have present latitudes from 34°N (Pakistan) to 85°S (Antarctica). Evidences of glaciation reported include tillites, striated pavements, faceted cobbles, varves, erratic blocks in marine and lacustrine sediments, coarse conglomerates, presumably glacio-fluvial, and deformational structures assigned to overriding glacial ice. Some “glacial” deposits described years ago need restudy to be sure that mud flow, landslide, volcanic breccia, turbidite, and other non-glacial deposits may not have been misidentified as glacial. Age assignments in terms of North American and European columns are difficult because of the scarcity of common floras and faunas between the glaciated Gondwana areas and northern lands. They commonly range from Middle Carboniferous to Middle or Late Permian. It is unlikely that glacial maxima in all areas were contemporaneous. Most earlier descriptions refer to a small number of glacial stages (1 5), but more detailed recent studies in Australia suggest as many as 51 glacial episodes. It has been suggested that sea-level fluctuations resulting from growth and waning of Late Paleozoic glaciers may have been a cause of Late Paleozoic cyclic sedimentation in the northern hemisphere. Directions of ice movement derived from striae and boulder trains show great diversity, some suggesting local centers of dispersal on existing lands and others glacial advance from present marine areas. The wide latitudinal range of glaciation, and recent paleomagnetic data from late Paleozoic rocks have suggested that the glaciated areas were commonly at higher latitudes than at present, and that continents now widely separated were closer together. Quartzites from South Africa have been reported in the tillites of Brazil. Nearly every polar shift and continental drift proposal to explain glacial distribution has been unlike all others. In the present paper facts pertaining to glaciation are presented as objectively as possible, without adopting any particular causal hypothesis.
Cannon Julie R.
Wanless Harold R.
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