Other
Scientific paper
Jun 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001georl..28.2297s&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 28, Issue 12, p. 2297-2300
Other
17
Physical Properties Of Rocks: Fracture And Flow, Physical Properties Of Rocks: General Or Miscellaneous, Structural Geology: Mechanics
Scientific paper
A central problem in explaining the apparent weakness of the San Andreas and other plate boundary faults has been identifying candidate fault zone materials that are both weak and capable of hosting earthquake-like unstable rupture. Our results demonstrate that smectite clay can be both weak and velocity weakening at low normal stress (<30 MPa). Our data are consistent with previous work, which has focused on higher normal stress conditions (50 MPa and greater) and found only velocity strengthening. If natural fault zones contain significant smectite, one key implication of our results is that localized zones of high pore pressure, which reduce effective normal stress, could be important in controlling potential sites of earthquake nucleation. Our experiments indicate that friction of smectite is complex, and depends upon both sliding velocity and normal stress. This complexity highlights the need for detailed experiments that reflect in situ conditions for fault gouges.
Frye Kevin M.
Mair Karen
Marone Chris
Saffer Demian M.
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