Laboratory Pressure Broadening Coefficients To Support SOIR/VEx And SOIR-NOMAD

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Precise spectroscopic data to describe CO2 pressure-broadened lineshapes of trace gases in the Venus and Mars atmospheres are rather scarce. In an attempt to compensate for such a situation, we recorded in the laboratory CO2 broadened absorption spectra of the 1-0 band of HCl near 2886 cm-1 and the ν3 band of CH4 near 3019 cm-1 at several pressures between 150 and 700 Torr, using a high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer. CO2 pressure broadening half-width coefficients are extracted by least-squares fitting of suitable molecular line profiles, including instrumental effects.
Sensitivity studies have been performed using the characteristics of the SOIR instrument. This instrument is currently on board the Venus Express mission (ESA) and has been proposed as payload for the future ExoMars 2016 TGO mission (ESA/NASA).
The SOIR instrument is designed to measure atmospheric transmission in the near-IR (2.2 - 4.3 µm) at high resolution (0.12 cm-1) through solar occultation observations. It therefore allows the derivation of unique remote sensing information about the vertical structure and composition of the Venus mesosphere, with very good spatial resolution.
At Venus, SOIR is able to provide HCl vertical profiles ranging typically from 80 to 105 km, at both morning and evening terminators, where the dynamics of the planetary atmosphere are relatively unknown. At Mars, the high resolution of the instrument will make it possible to observe CH4, if any.
We show here how these two approaches, laboratory and space missions, are complimentary, as broadening coefficients measured in the laboratory allow us to simulate perfectly HCl and CH4 lines as seen by SOIR.

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