Other
Scientific paper
Nov 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001aas...198.9101r&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, 198th AAS Meeting, #91.01; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 33, p.1177
Other
Scientific paper
The objective of the NASA Ames Kepler mission is the detection of extrasolar terrestrial-size planets through transit photometry. In an effort to optimize the Kepler system design, Ball Aerospace has developed a numerical photometer model to simulate the sensor as well as stars and hypothetical planetary transits. The model emulates the temporal behavior of the incident light from 100 stars (with various visual magnitudes) on one CCD of the Kepler focal plane array. Simulated transits are inserted into the light curves of nine of the stars for transit detection signal-to-noise ratio analyses. The Kepler photometer model simulates all significant CCD characteristics such as dark current, shot noise, read out noise, residual non-uniformity, intra-pixel gain variation, charge spill-over, well capacity, spectral response, charge transfer efficiency, read out smearing, and others. The noise effects resulting from background stars are also included. The optical system is also simulated to accurately estimate system optical point-spread functions and optical attenuation. In addition, spacecraft pointing and jitter are incorporated. The model includes on-board processing effects such as analog-to-digital conversion, photometric aperture extraction, and 15-minute frame co-addition. Results from the model exhibit good agreement with NASA Ames lab data and are used in subsequent signal-to-noise ratio analyses to assess the transit detection capability. Consequently, the Kepler Photometer Model has given substantial insight into the Kepler system design by offering a straightforward means of assessing system design impacts on the ability to detect planetary transits. It is used as one of the various tools for the establishment of system requirements to ensure mission success. This work was supported by the NASA Discovery Program.
Jenkins Jon Michael
Jordan Stephen P.
Remund Quinn P.
Updike Todd F.
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