Kepler Measurements of M Star Variability

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Late-type stars may be ideal candidates for detection of Earth-mass planets - lower stellar mass corresponds to larger radial-velocity amplitude and deeper transit depth for a given planet mass/size. Low-mass stars are only good targets, however, if they can be observed at noise levels similar to those for solar-type stars. As an exploration of the inherent variability of low-mass stars, we have identified a sample of 63 nearby M dwarfs within the Kepler field of view. The Kepler lightcurves for these stars generally vary by 1% over the 33-day observational window. After subtraction of gradual long-term trends, only a handful of the stars exhibit variability above the photon-noise limit (typically 0.1-1.0 mmag). We conclude that >90% of M dwarfs are quiet within the several hour timeframe appropriate for detection of planetary transits.

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