Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Scientific paper
2010-12-22
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
46 pages, 12 figures; book chapter, to appear in "Gamma-ray Bursts" (CUP)
Scientific paper
There are several lines of evidence indicating that the ultra-relativistic outflows powering gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are collimated into narrow jets. However, these are indirect, and the jet structure is rather poorly constrained. What is more, the jet dynamics have still not been investigated in detail. It has been suggested that the observed variety between different long duration events, ranging from bright spectrally hard GRBs, to dimmer and spectrally softer X-ray flashes (XRFs) may be largely due to different viewing angles (or lines of sight) relative to rather similar relativistic jets. Here we describe the current state of knowledge on these topics, explain some of the most relevant physics behind some of the basic principles, and discuss prospects for the future.
Granot Jonathan
Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico
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