Is Bayes Posterior just Quick and Dirty Confidence?

Details Is Bayes Posterior just Quick and Dirty Confidence? Is Bayes Posterior just Quick and Dirty Confidence?

2011-12-23

arxiv.org/abs/1112.5582v1

Statistical Science 2011, Vol. 26, No. 3, 299-316

Statistics

Methodology

Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS352 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of M

Scientific paper

10.1214/11-STS352

Bayes [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 53 (1763) 370--418; 54 296--325] introduced the observed likelihood function to statistical inference and provided a weight function to calibrate the parameter; he also introduced a confidence distribution on the parameter space but did not provide present justifications. Of course the names likelihood and confidence did not appear until much later: Fisher [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 222 (1922) 309--368] for likelihood and Neyman [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 237 (1937) 333--380] for confidence. Lindley [J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 20 (1958) 102--107] showed that the Bayes and the confidence results were different when the model was not location. This paper examines the occurrence of true statements from the Bayes approach and from the confidence approach, and shows that the proportion of true statements in the Bayes case depends critically on the presence of linearity in the model; and with departure from this linearity the Bayes approach can be a poor approximation and be seriously misleading. Bayesian integration of weighted likelihood thus provides a first-order linear approximation to confidence, but without linearity can give substantially incorrect results.

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