Computer Science
Scientific paper
Dec 1978
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1978orli....9..115m&link_type=abstract
Origins of Life, Volume 9, Issue 2, pp.115-131
Computer Science
1
Scientific paper
The CH3 + ion, formed in ionized methane, undergoes consecutive eliminative condensation reactions with methane to form the carbonium ions C2H5 +, i-C3H7 + and t-C4H9 +. AtT<500°K,N_{CH_4 } ≳1016 cm-3 these ions react with NH3 in competitive condensation-H+ transfer reactions, e.g. begin{gathered} C_2 H_5 ^ + + NH_3 xrightarrow{M} C_2 H_5 NH_3 ^ + \ - - - to NH_4 ^ + + C_2 H_4 \ At particle densities ofN_{CH_4 } <1016 cm-3 proton transfer is the only significant reaction channel. AtN_{CH_4 } >1017 cm-3 condensation constitutes 5 20% of the overall reactions. The product of the condensation reaction further associates with CO2 to form C2H5NH3 +·CO2; the atomic composition of this cluster ion is identical with the protonated amino acid alanine. The carbonium ions i-C3H7 + and t-C4H9 + condense also with HCN to yield protonated isocyanides. HCNH+ also appears to condense with HCN atT>570°K, and form cluster ions with HCN at lower temperatures. The rate constants of the condensation reactions vary with temperature and pressure in a complex manner. Under conditions similar to those on Titan at an altitude of 100 km (T=100 150°K,N_{CH_4 } ≈1018 cm-3), with a methane atmosphere containing 1% H2 and traces of NH3 and H2O, ion-molecule condensation reactions followed by H+ transfer are expected to lead to the atmospheric synthesis of C2H6, C3H8, CH3OH, C2H5OH and the terminal ions NH4 +, CH3NH3 + and C2H5NH3 +. At higher temperatures (250°K
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