Interstellar medium in the vicinity of the sun - A temperature measurement obtained with Mars-7 interplanetary probe

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Hydrogen Clouds, Interstellar Matter, Lyman Alpha Radiation, Spaceborne Astronomy, Temperature Measurement, Absorption Spectra, Atomic Spectra, Brightness Temperature, Mars Probes, Solar System

Scientific paper

The results of a Lyman-alpha photometer placed on the Soviet probe Mars-7 are presented. The Lyman-alpha emission of H-atoms in the solar system and the linewidth and absolute wavelength were analyzed with an absorption hydrogen cell placed in the photometer, yielding the temperature and bulk velocity of the atoms, parameters which characterize the local interstellar medium. The analysis included a possible extraneous emission which would not be resonance scattering of solar photons. Any value of this extraneous emission smaller than 52 Rayleigh is compatible with data. The most likely value is 0, yielding an atom temperature of 1,100 to 12,100 K and a bulk velocity of 18.0 to 21.0 km/sec. In this case, the interstellar matter, with respect to the local rest frame, moves at a velocity of about 16 km/sec in the direction l-II equals 122 deg, b-II equals 5.5 deg in galactic coordinates, suggesting that interstellar matter is moving faster than stars in the galactic rotation.

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