Infrared astronomy with IRAS

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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All Sky Photography, Astronomical Spectroscopy, Infrared Astronomy Satellite, Spaceborne Astronomy, Asteroids, Comets, Focal Plane Devices, Molecular Clouds, Sky Surveys (Astronomy), Spaceborne Telescopes

Scientific paper

The important features of the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) and of its mission are discussed. The design features include tanks of liquid helium which allow the telescope to cool without water vapor condensing on the mirrors, an arrangement of the detectors in the focal plane which results in an increase in sensitivity over previous systems by two or three orders of magnitude, and a slitless low-resolution spectrometer whose resolving power is sufficient to separate out the fine structured lines in planetary nebulae. The principal aim of the mission is to make an all-sky survey at infrared wavelengths as well as additional observations of particular regions. Results from studies indicate that the IRAS is successful in finding comets such as IRAS-Araki-Alcock and in observing near-earth crossing asteroids. As demonstrated by the Molecular Cloud program, IRAS is suitable for observing early stages in the formation of stars as its long-wavelength detectors are sensitive to the radiation from cool sources.

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