Influence of planetary-scale topography on the diurnal thermal tide during the 1971 Martian dust storm

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Atmospheric Temperature, Atmospheric Tides, Dust Storms, Mars Environment, Planetary Surfaces, Diurnal Variations, Infrared Spectroscopy, Mariner 9 Space Probe, Temperature Effects, Topography, Wave Propagation

Scientific paper

Data obtained with the Mariner 9 infrared spectroscopy experiment during the Martian Dust Storm of 1971 to 1972 are examined for evidence of topographic influence on the atmospheric thermal structure. Temperature perturbations which are well correlated with the planetary scale topography are found superposed on the large amplitude diurnal thermal tide. Applications of tidal theory to the data indicate that the observed perturbations result from the kinematic interaction of the westward traveling diurnal wave with the large scale components of topography. The dominant mode is excited by the wave-number two topography component and is a vertically evanescent eastward traveling wave with an equivalent depth comparable to the atmospheric scale height. The principle dynamic effect of this mode is the enhancement of the amplitude of the near-surface diurnal wind to over 40m/sec in limited areas near 30 deg south latitude. It appears likely that dust was injected into the atmosphere in these regions during the storm.

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