Improved gas-kinetic treatment of cometary water sublimation and recondensation - Application to comet P/Halley

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Condensation, Gas Dynamics, Halley'S Comet, Sublimation, Water Vapor, Coma, Hydrodynamic Equations, Temperature Profiles

Scientific paper

The effects of nucleus ice sublimation and homogeneous recondensation in the fluid expansion region, processes which are associated with the solid-gas phase transition and are assumed to control cometary activity, are investigated. The present gasdynamic models reduce the gas velocities and terminal dust velocities by 5-10 percent with respect to previous treatments. A formula is developed for predicting the momentum loss coefficient required to determine the nongravitational forces exerted on the nucleus. The classical homogeneous nucleus theory is applied, showing that water vapor expands in an initially supersaturated state, with the nucleation rate being smaller than in the case of adiabatic expansion.

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