Implications for energy transport in solar flares from the recent observations of sun-quakes

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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[7514] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Energetic Particles, [7519] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Flares, [7522] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Helioseismology

Scientific paper

Analysis of seismic emission (sun-quakes) induced in the solar interior in the vicinity of flares offers us an opportunity to explore the physical processes of energy transport in flaring atmospheres. Only about 17 M and X-class flares have been reported to show seismic signatures in the form or ripples or egression sources, revealing that some of the most powerful flares often do not produce any seismic signatures. In addition, the most powerful signatures were recorded from an M-class flare. This raises important questions about how the flare energy and momentum are transported to the solar surface and interior in order to produce sun-quakes. Observations of ripples associated with the first few sun-quakes suggested that hydrodynamic shocks arising from a hydrodynamic response of the ambient plasma to precipitation of energetic particles (electrons or protons) are plausible sources of the seismic emission. Later, noting that sun-quakes are often co-spatial with hard X-ray and white light, another source of seismic emission was proposed related to back-warming of the photosphere by the enhanced chromospheric and coronal radiation caused by physical processes in flares. A third mechanism proposed to account for sun-quakes is related to possible Lorentz force transients that occur as a result of the coronal restructuring of the magnetic field in flares. Recent work comparing samples of white-light flares with and without sun-quakes, and new observations with GONG, Hinode and SDO of seismic emission associated with the X-class flares of 14 December 2006 and 15 February 2011 demonstrate inconsistencies with some existing models. In this paper these inconsistencies are explored and possible alternative scenarios are discussed.

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