Identification and significance of armalcolite in the Ries glass

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Chemical Composition, Glass, Iron Compounds, Magnesium Compounds, Meteorite Craters, Petrography, Titanium Oxides, Geochemistry, Ilmenite, Meteorite Collisions, Microanalysis, Tables (Data)

Scientific paper

Studies in transmitted and reflected light and with the electron microprobe revealed the presence of armalcolite in impactite glasses of the Ries crater. This is the first report of the occurrence of this mineral in impactite glasses and the second terrestrial occurrence. In the Ries impactites, armalcolite occurs only in the glasses in two distinct assemblages: (1) with stoichiometric ilmenite, (2) with rutile. Chemistry and textures of the coexisting armalcolite-ilmenite pairs are indicative of low f(O2) (of about .01 billionth). Hence formation of the armalcolite in the Ries glass under reducing or nonoxidizing conditions is probably not far removed from reducing conditions which prevailed during the formation of lunar armalcolites. The rapid fusion and quenching of glasses formed by the Ries impact under reducing conditions is uniquely responsible for producing armalcolite at the earth's surface.

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