Hyperspectral Mapping and Identification of Lava Flows, Ash Deposits, and Solfataras in the Ka'u Desert, Hawai'i

Details Hyperspectral Mapping and Identification of Lava Flows, Ash Deposits, and Solfataras in the Ka'u Desert, Hawai'i Hyperspectral Mapping and Identification of Lava Flows, Ash Deposits, and Solfataras in the Ka'u Desert, Hawai'i

Dec 2002

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufm.p71a0442d&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #P71A-0442

Mathematics

Logic

5464 Remote Sensing, 5470 Surface Materials And Properties, 6225 Mars

Scientific paper

Airborne panchromatic, false color infrared, and hyperspectral reflectance data from the Airborne Visible/Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) were examined in combination with field and laboratory observations in order to create geomorphologic and mineralogic maps for the Ka'u Desert, Kilauea, Hawai'i. The basal Older Flows unit is 300-500 years old and exhibits iron-oxide and smectite spectral signatures near 0.85 and 2.2 μm, respectively. Patches of finely stratified, indurated Keanakako'i Ash (100-300 years old) disconformably overly this unit, and are in turn commonly covered by a coarse, black aeolian ash. At AVIRIS resolution (approximately 15 meters per pixel), the mapped Ash unit includes both the indurated and aeolian materials, and is dominated by a spectral signature resembling clinopyroxene with dual absorptions near 1.0 and 2.2 μm. The aeolian ash also partially mantles younger 1971 and 1974 flows, which are otherwise characterized by an iron-bearing glassy coating that is whitish in appearance and distinguished spectrally by a peak at 0.5 μm and prominent negative slope into the infrared. Fissures and cracks alongside the 1974 flow host active solfatara zones, evidenced by accumulations of gypsum, native sulfur, and opaline silica. A combination of absorption bands at 1.0, 1.2, 1.8 and 2.2 μm is indicative of the sulfate phases. The wide variety of basaltic materials and volcanic landforms present in the Ka'u Desert constitute an ideal terrain for Mars analog studies. Furthermore, the method of utilizing multiple remote datasets together with field and lab analyses has direct applicability for upcoming Mars missions, including OMEGA on the 2003 Mars Express and CRISM on the 2005 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

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