Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Jan 1995
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1995phdt........23c&link_type=abstract
Thesis (PH.D.)--UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE, 1995.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-12, Section: B, page: 679
Mathematics
Logic
Scientific paper
Cosmic rays are the most easily measurable form of matter from outside the solar system. Study of these particles as they arrive at the Earth can tell us about their origin and the history of their travel here through the interstellar medium (ISM). After their discovery earlier in this century, high energy cosmic rays were a primary source of discovery for elementary particles, and provided much insight about their interactions. More recently, cosmic rays have been used to examine questions about stellar evolution, elemental nucleosynthesis, and the composition of matter in the ISM. Determination of the isotopic abundances as a function of energy for various elements in the cosmic ray flux can verify (or disallow) various theories of cosmological evolution. These theories give predictions of the present day abundances based on the initial conditions for the creation and acceleration of the primary cosmic rays. Cosmic ray deuterium is produced mainly by collisions between nuclei in the ISM and primary cosmic ray alpha particles, and only a very small part of the deuterium seen is predicted to be produced as primary cosmic rays. Thus this "secondary" deuterium is essentially a direct measurement of how many collisions the primary cosmic rays have on their way to Earth, and thus a measurement of the composition and density of matter in the ISM. Accordingly, a spectrometer optimized for the detection of hydrogen and deuterium has been built, and flown on a high-altitude balloon from northern Manitoba. Results of the isotopic analysis of the data obtained during this flight, and of the successful development of new methods of particle detection within the spectrometer, are presented.
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