Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
May 1998
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1998apj...498..441e&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal v.498, p.441
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
8
Sun: Flares, Hydrodynamics, Sun: Atmosphere, Sun: Corona, Sun: Particle Emission, Sun: X-Rays, Gamma Rays
Scientific paper
Using a one-dimensional time-dependent numerical hydrodynamic model, we examine the response of the solar atmosphere to heating by a beam of energetic protons with a characteristic energy near 1 MeV. At these energies, the coronal portion of the flaring loop must be treated as a "warm" target, while the chromospheric portion behaves as a "cold" target. This results in a more uniform heating in the coronal portions of the loop than is the case with energetic electrons, leading to smaller pressure gradients and lower plasma upflow velocities. Such lower velocities would appear at first to be more consistent with observed soft X-ray line profiles. However, velocity differential emission measures computed at various times in the calculation show that heating by energetic protons does not satisfactorily reproduce the atmospheric response as inferred from such observations.
Emslie Gordon A.
Mariska John T.
Montgomery Michele M.
Newton Elizabeth K.
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