Other
Scientific paper
Sep 2009
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009dps....41.5711f&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #41, #57.11
Other
Scientific paper
One of the goal of the next European Martian mission Exomars 2016 will be to find traces of life. In this aim the MOMA experiment will be dedicated to the search of organic compounds such as amino acids and possible presence of chiral compounds. Then, this work deals with the development of a space compatible analysis technique of chiral organic molecules using dimethyl-formamide dimethylacetal (DMF-DMA). This study involves three steps, extraction, derivatization and GC-MS analysis, which are firstly considered one by one, and then studied as a whole. This work shows that as well as its intrinsic qualities such as light weight derivatives and great resistance to drastic operating conditions, DMF-DMA allows simple and fast derivatization suitable with in situ analysis within the constraints of a space mission. It allows the identification of 19 out of the 20 proteogenic amino acids, and the enantiomeric separation of 10. Moreover, other amino and carboxylic acids, found on meteorites, and nucleic bases are also detected with the same parameters. Racemization of the molecules has been studied within the different conditions of derivatization. Measurement of the limit of detection show that the proposed method is suitable for a quantitative determination of enantiomers of several amino acids as the limit of detection is lower than the ppb level of organic molecules already detected in Martian meteorites.
The extraction-derivatization-analysis combined in one pot raises more issues, as it added the constraints of each step to the whole. A single pot is used as the extraction reactor of the organic molecules from complex soils, the derivatization reactor with DMF-DMA and the injection tool to the gas chromatograph. Preliminary results let us very optimistic since from different soils, in a one-step one-pot reaction, one can detect and identify amino and carboxylic acids, as well as nucleic bases.
Buch Anders
Coll Patrice
Freissinet Caroline
Goesmann Fred
MOMA GC-team
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