Other
Scientific paper
May 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001agusm..sa41a05b&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2001, abstract #SA41A-05 INVITED
Other
0355 Thermosphere--Composition And Chemistry, 0358 Thermosphere--Energy Deposition
Scientific paper
Satellite-derived images provide a hemispheric scale, contemporaneous indication of the reaction of neutral composition to high latitude forcing. But they cannot provide a direct understanding of the way that energetic and dynamic interactions have caused this compositional disturbance pattern to form. A judicious use of models in conjunction with data can provide this understanding, as models produce very similar patterns of compositional disturbance during storm simulations. They also include the information needed to understand the processes that lead to the observed pattern. The distribution of neutral composition changes at higher latitudes is discussed in this presentation in terms of their evolution during a geomagnetic storm and the processes that cause this evolution. The main steps that occur are: increased particle precipitation enhances electron densities in the auroral zone and higher potentials drive faster ion winds which in turn cause more intense Joule heating; Joule heating causes upwelling around the auroral zone which brings molecular rich species upwards; this molecular-rich air is redistributed by the enhanced neutral winds blowing over the polar cap to produce a pronounced tail of enhanced composition; another region of enhanced molecular species is found just equatorward of the dawn auroral oval where parcels of air are trapped in regions of upward winds for extended periods. As well as these longer term compositional effects, shorter-term variations occur as a result of the passage of gravity waves from the auroral oval to lower latitudes. Although this pattern is generally applicable, season, storm size, storm onset time, storm duration, and solar cycle do modify it.
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