High-resolution structures of the Landers fault zone inferred from aftershock waveform data

Details High-resolution structures of the Landers fault zone inferred from aftershock waveform data High-resolution structures of the Landers fault zone inferred from aftershock waveform data

Dec 2007

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007geoji.171.1295l&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Journal International, Volume 171, Issue 47, pp. 1295-1307.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

5

Fault Model, Fracture Zone, Ray Theory, Reflection Seismology, Seismic Modelling, Seismic-Wave Propagation

Scientific paper

High-frequency body waves recorded by a temporary seismic array across the surface rupture trace of the 1992 Landers, California, earthquake were used to determine fault-zone structures down to the seismogenic depth. We first developed a technique to use generalized ray theory to compute synthetic seismograms for arbitrarily oriented tabular low-velocity fault-zone models. We then generated synthetic waveform record sections of a linear array across a vertical fault zone. They show that both arrival times and waveforms of P and S waves vary systematically across the fault due to transmissions and reflections from boundaries of the low-velocity fault zone. The waveform characteristics and arrival-time patterns in the record sections allow us to locate the boundaries of the fault zone and to determine its P- and S-wave velocities independently as well as its depth extent. Therefore, the trade-off between the fault-zone width and velocities can be avoided. Applying the method to the Landers waveform data reveals a low-velocity zone with a width of 270-360 m and a 35-60 per cent reduction in P and S velocities relative to the host rock. The analysis suggests that the low-velocity zone extends to a depth of ~7 km. The western boundary of the low-velocity zone coincides with the observed main surface rupture trace.

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