High-resolution observations of gamma-ray line emission from SN 1987A

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A balloon-borne gamma-ray spectrometer comprising an array of high-purity germanium (HPGE) detectors was flown from Alice Springs, Australia, on October 29-30-31, norminally 250 days after the observed neutrino pulse. High-resolution data, typically 2.5 keV at 1.33 MeV, for two transists of the supernova SN 1987A were obtained along with interspersed background data. A significant net flux of gamma rays with energy 847 keV was observed from the direction of SN 1987A on each transit. No prominent gamma-ray features were seen at other energies, although data analysis is still in progress. A preliminary estimate of the line flux at 847 keV is ~5×10-4 photons cm-2 s-1 with statistical significance greater than three sigma. This line may be interpreted as emission from the first excited state of 56Fe due to the radioactive decay of 56Co, providing strong evidence for nucleosynthesis in the supernova. No emission was seen from the second excited state of 56Fe at 1238 keV. A preliminary upper limit for the 1238-keV line is ~5×10-4 photons cm-2 s-1. The flux estimates may be considerably altered as the systematics of the experiment are better understood.

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