High Precision Love Numbers and 3D Atmospheric Loading for the New Gravity Missions

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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1214 Geopotential Theory And Determination, 1223 Ocean/Earth/Atmosphere Interactions (3339), 1227 Planetary Geodesy And Gravity (5420, 5714, 6019)

Scientific paper

High precision modelling of temporal variation of the gravity field generated by atmospheric masses redistributions and Earth's masses redistributions are nowadays needed to separate accurately atmospheric contributions from oceanic and hydrologic contributions. We therefore developed a deformation model of an aspherical Earth with lateral heterogeneities. The corresponding pressure, tidal and loading Love numbers characterizes these deformations. Boundary conditions on this Earth's model imposed by the atmosphere are revisited: we distinguish surface stress induced by the pressure and winds/currents at the solid Earth's topography from the gravitational force generated by the three dimensional structure of the atmosphere. Taking into account the 3D structure of the atmosphere to calculate direct gravitational attraction on low orbiting artificial satellites is now required. A static response of the ocean to solid earth deformations and barometric forcing is included. A model of a non-global ocean overlying an elastic deformable earth and forced by ECMWF atmospheric pressure surface fields is used to predict and interpret these global masses redistributions. These processes lead to a wide range of gravity variations, from global to local spatial scales, and from diurnal to interannual variations. From these model results we identify the significant processes and their corresponding signatures in geodetic observations (Earth's surface deformation, global gravity changes and surface gravity measurements). We focus on high frequency gravity perturbations, which may be aliased during the recovery of the global gravity field from the new generation of gravity satellites. Possible comparisons between spatial and ground gravimetric measurements are also investigated.

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