High-power thermal management issues in space-based systems

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Spaceborne And Space Research Instruments, Apparatus, And Components, Military Technology And Weapons Systems, Arms Control, Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, Heat Pipes, Cryogenics, Refrigerators, Low-Temperature Detectors, And Other Low-Temperature Equipment

Scientific paper

There are several initiatives currently active or planned to enable future military directed energy, surveillance and communication missions. These missions require a very high level of electric power and sophisticated power conditioning systems. In almost all of these systems, there are unique thermal management requirements from electronics and payload operational considerations such as isothermality, high-heat flux, low-pressure drop, efficient fluid management and high heat transfer coefficient. The other space related requirements and issues affecting thermal management are microgravity, scalability based on weight, volume, reliability, safety, and cost considerations. In meeting these requirements for space systems, the thermal designer is faced with many technical challenges and issues. This paper describes some of these key issues and presents the need for initiating advanced developments in certain areas such as spray cooling, two-phase pumped loop and heat pump systems. In addition, it is emphasized to focus attention on extended microgravity effects of thermal systems. .

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