High Contrast Studies of Nearby Stars with Project 1640

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

Project 1640 is a coronagraphic integral field spectrograph designed for exoplanet imaging with the Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory. One of the unique features of this instrument is its ability to simultaneously record high precision relative astrometry and coarse near-infrared spectra of faint companion candidates. Our rapid confirmation of Alcor's M-dwarf companion--which showed up during our survey of nearby A stars--demonstrates the power of this combination. By acquiring relative astrometry of Alcor and the faint neighboring source (1" separation at a contrast of 6 magnitudes) at two epochs just 100 days apart, we were able to establish the common parallax and proper motion of the stars. The same data provided a low-resolution near-infrared spectrum spanning the J and H bands, enabling us to classify the companion as an M3-M4 dwarf. In a separate experiment, we have used Project 1640 as an imaging spectrograph (without the coronagraph) with a non-redundant aperture mask to achieve spectrally-resolved interferometry of a binary star system.

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