Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Jan 2005
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005hia....13...95k&link_type=abstract
Highlights of Astronomy, Vol. 13, as presented at the XXVth General Assembly of the IAU - 2003 [Sydney, Australia, 13 - 26 July
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
The best available tracers of the alpha-effect in the solar convection zone are current helicity and twist of the photospheric magnetic fields obtained by vector magnetographic observations. Here we present results of systematic studies of the current helicity and twist of averaged over a series of solar active regions. The data analysis enables us to reveal latitudinal dependence of the effect which is antisymmetric over the solar equator. Consideration of individual rotation rates of active regions versus the solar internal differential rotation law indicates that the radial structure of the alpha-effect is likely sign-changing. These properties are in agreement with theoretical estimates and numerical simulations of flows in the solar convection zone and model assumptions of dynamo theory. The fine structure of observational signatures of the alpha-effect indicates that the magnetic field generation mainly occurs near the bottom of the convection zone. We revealed some cyclic evolution of current helicity over the solar cycle that is in accord with dynamo models under certain parameter range. Thus knowledge on the spatially-temporal structure of signatures of the alpha-effect leads to further improvement of dynamo theory in description of the mechanism of generation of solar magnetic fields.
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