Handling Nonlinearities in ELF/VLF Generation Using Modulated Heating at HAARP

Statistics – Applications

Scientific paper

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

[2403] Ionosphere / Active Experiments, [2407] Ionosphere / Auroral Ionosphere, [6944] Radio Science / Nonlinear Phenomena, [6974] Radio Science / Signal Processing

Scientific paper

George Jin Maria Spasojevic Morris Cohen Umran Inan Stanford University Modulated HF heating of the D-region ionosphere near the auroral electrojet can generate extremely low frequency (ELF) waves in the kilohertz range. This process is nonlinear and generates harmonics at integer multiples of the ELF modulation frequency. The nonlinear distortion has implications for any communications applications since the harmonics contain a substantial fraction of the signal power and use up bandwidth. We examine two techniques for handling the nonlinearity. First we modulate the HF heating with a non-sinusoidal envelope designed to create a sinusoidal change in the Hall conductivity at a particular altitude in the ionosphere to minimize any generated harmonics. The modulation waveform is generated by inverting a numerical HF heating model, starting from the desired conductivity time series, and obtaining the HF power envelope that will result in that conductivity. The second technique attempts to use the energy in the harmonics to improve bit error rates when digital modulation is applied to the ELF carrier. In conventional quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), where a ELF carrier is phase-shifted by 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° in order to transmit a pair of bits, the even harmonics cannot distinguish between the four possible shifts. By using different phase values, all the energy in the harmonics can contribute to determining the phase of the carrier and thus improve the bit error rate.

No associations

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for scientists and scientific papers. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Handling Nonlinearities in ELF/VLF Generation Using Modulated Heating at HAARP does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this scientific paper.

If you have personal experience with Handling Nonlinearities in ELF/VLF Generation Using Modulated Heating at HAARP, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Handling Nonlinearities in ELF/VLF Generation Using Modulated Heating at HAARP will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFWR-SCP-O-875211

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.