GX 301-2: The 41.5 day period and its optical counterpart

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Photoelectricity, Pulsars, Supergiant Stars, Accretion Disks, Brightness Temperature, Neutron Stars, Temperature Measurement, X Ray Astronomy

Scientific paper

Photoelectric observations of Wra 977 the optical counterpart of GX 301-2 (= 4U 1223-62) are analyzed to explore whether interaction effects due to the orbiting X-ray pulsar are present in the light curve of the B1 type supergiant. The material consists of 245 nightly mean brightness measurements. The periodogram analysis is consistent with a small modulation of the optical brightness of Wra 977 with the 41.5 day cycle which is superimposed on much larger (8%) semiperiodic light variations on timescales of between 7 and 13 days typical for early type supergiant stars. The resulting mean light curve peaks near periastron passage/X-ray outburst of the accreting neutron star. Possible explanations in terms of X-ray heating and tidal distortions are discussed and the relation to variable lightcurves of other massive X-ray binary systems is pointed out.

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