Ground-based LiDAR Measurements of Actively Inflating Pahoehoe Flows, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Implications for Emplacement of Basaltic Units on Mars

Details Ground-based LiDAR Measurements of Actively Inflating Pahoehoe Flows, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Implications for Emplacement of Basaltic Units on Mars Ground-based LiDAR Measurements of Actively Inflating Pahoehoe Flows, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Implications for Emplacement of Basaltic Units on Mars

May 2007

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007agusm.p41a..04b&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2007, abstract #P41A-04

Mathematics

Logic

5464 Remote Sensing, 5470 Surface Materials And Properties, 5480 Volcanism (6063, 8148, 8450), 5494 Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

Remote sensing datasets enable planetary volcanologists to extract information regarding eruption processes. Long-lived effusive eruptions at sites such as Kilauea Volcano (HI) provide opportunities to collect rich observational data sets, including detailed measurements of topography and extrusion rates, that allow comparisons between lava flow surface morphologies and emplacement conditions for use in interpreting similar morphological features associated with planetary lava flows. On Mars, the emplacement of basaltic lava flows is a volumetrically and spatially important process, creating both large-scale and small-scale surface morphologies. On Earth, low effusion rate eruptions on relatively horizontal slopes tend to create inflated lava flows that display hummocky topography. To better understand the processes involved in creating observed surface characteristics, we repeatedly measured the surface topography of an actively flowing and inflating basaltic unit within the Pu'u O'o flow field over a 5-day period. We used a ground-based laser-scanner (LiDAR) system that provided vertical and horizontal accuracies of 4 mm. Comparing DEMs from repeated laser scans yielded the magnitudes and styles of constructional processes, allowing us to quantify the relationship between pre- and post-emplacement surface topography. Our study site (roughly 200 m x 200 m) experienced about 5 m of vertical inflation over a 3 day period and created a new hummocky surface containing several tumuli. The temporal and spatial patterns of inflation were complex and showed no obvious relationship with underlying topography. High-precision morphometric measurements acquired using ground-based LiDAR affords us the opportunity to capture the essential boundary conditions necessary for evaluating and comparing high-resolution planetary data sets, such as those acquired by the MOC, HRSC, and HiRISE instruments.

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