Gravity potential, paloe-shoreline and ocean on Mars

Computer Science

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Scientific paper

Mars gravity potential is compared to altimetry and location of shorelines proposed by Clifford and Parker (2001). Gravity potential equal to 1.26585x 10^7 m^2/s^2 provide very good fit to the Arabia and Meridiani shorelines when 1.2668x 10^7 m^2/s^2 provide a better fit to Deuteronilus shoreline. These fits are much better than those obtained when assuming a constant distance to the center of mass. The very good correlation between gravity potential supports the idea that an ocean once existed on Mars and that this ocean was stable for a long time enough, to allow for a noticeable difference between areas covered with water and continents. They allow us to estimate the volume of water at these two different periods of time. Assuming that the distribution of mass has not affected both gravity potential and topography after the disappearance of the oceans, the volume of these oceans can be compute. Taking a fluid in hydrostatic equilibrium on the previous equipotential, we predict a volume of 1.011 x10^8 km^3 for the Arabia/Meridiani period, for an ocean area of 4.68 x10^8 km^2, with an average depths of 1.758 km. When we obtain a volume of 7.736 x10^6 km^3 for the Deuterolinus period, for an ocean area of 2.074 x10^7 km^2, with an average depth of 0.134 km. These values are little bit higher then the one determinate by Head, 1999 ( 1.4 x10^7 km^3 ). These new results also provide a very strong constraint on the evolution of Mars because the stability of the shorelines versus gravity potential suggests that no major volcanic or tectonic event has happened since the formation of the shorelines.

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