Gravity in one dimension - Quasi-equilibrium

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Computational Astrophysics, Computerized Simulation, Gravitation Theory, Gravitational Effects, Dynamical Systems, Periodic Variations, Virial Theorem

Scientific paper

This article concerns the evolution of a self-gravitating, dynamical system in one dimension. It studies the dependence of the relaxation time T on the system population, N. In a previous article the authors investigated the surprising conjecture that T < N (in suitable units) for systems initialized "near" equilibrium. Here the authors consider the dependence of relaxation on a single parameter, the virial ratio for a class (counterstreamed) of initial configurations in μ(x, v) space. Using a technique (dynamic ensemble averaging) new to this problem they find that relaxation to equilibrium does not occur for T < N; for these special states the systems are probably entering a long-lived "quasi-equilibrium" macro-state that mimics thermalization but which, in fact, is not microscopically relaxed.

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