Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2009-12-08
Phys.Rev.D81:103001,2010
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
5 pages, 3 figures, a number of small changes, Physical Review D in press
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.81.103001
Low mass neutron stars may be uniquely strong sources of gravitational waves (GW). The neutron star crust can support large deformations for low mass stars. This is because of the star's weaker gravity. We find maximum ellipticities $\epsilon$ (fractional difference in moments of inertia) that are 1000 times larger, and maximum quadrupole moments $Q_{22}$ over 100 times larger, for low mass stars than for 1.4 $M_\odot$ neutron stars. Indeed, we calculate that the crust can support an $\epsilon$ as large as 0.01 for a minimum mass neutron star. A 0.12 $M_\odot$ star, that is maximally strained and rotating at 100 Hz, will produce a characteristic gravitational wave strain of $h_0=2.1\times 10^{-24}$ at a distance of 1 kpc. The GW detector Advanced LIGO should be sensitive to such objects through out the Milky Way Galaxy.
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