Gravitational relaxation of velocities of planetesimals.

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Planetesimals: Relaxation, Planetesimals: Orbital Evolution

Scientific paper

The variation rate due to gravitational interaction with a population of bodies with mass m2 of mean square orbital eccentricities and inclinations for a population of planetesimals of mass m1 is estimated. The chaotic velocity evolution for a bimodal collision-free system of gravitating bodies with m1 ≫ m2 for times much greater than the gravitational relaxation time is considered for two cases: when the velocity is controlled (a) by large bodies and (b) by small bodies. For the components dominant in mass, the mean square eccentricity and the mean square inclination grow proportionally to one fourth power of time. In case (a), mean square orbital eccentricities and inclinations of small bodies are approximately twice those of large bodies. In case (b), mean square eccentricities and inclinations of both populations correspond in approximately equal distribution to their energies of chaotic motion.

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