Gravitational instability induced by a cloud-cloud collision - The case of head-on collisions between clouds with different sizes and densities

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Collisions, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Galactic Evolution, Gravitational Effects, Nebulae, Star Formation, Hydrodynamics, Interstellar Matter, Starburst Galaxies

Scientific paper

In order to investigate star formation triggered by cloud-cloud collisions, axisymmetric numerical hydrodynamic calculations of supersonic, head-on collisions between nonidentical clouds are performed. Using axisymmetric smoothed particle hydrodynamics, the condition of the gravitational instability of clouds is studied. Nonidentical cloud-cloud collisions, that is, collisions between clouds with different sizes and densities, are more frequent in interstellar space. It is assumed that a small cloud is denser than a large cloud, and that both small and large clouds are gravitationally stable before collision. Two types of initial cloud models: hydrostatic equilibrium clouds confined by the external pressure and uniform density clouds are examined. Numerical results show that the large cloud is disrupted due to a bow shock induced by the collision, and that the small cloud is compressed by the shock. The self-gravity is enhanced in the postshock gas of the small cloud and a compact clump is tentatively formed. The case in which this clump becomes gravitationally unstable is described. It is found that the initial mass of a small cloud needed to be gravitationally unstable by the nonidentical collisions is well below the Jeans mass of the initial small clouds. In the hydrostatic cloud model, a nonidentical cloud-cloud collision can more easily induce a gravitational instability than in the uniform cloud model. The important role of nonidentical cloud-cloud collisions in burst star formation in galaxies is discussed.

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