Gravitational field fluctuations in weakly clustered systems

Mathematics – Probability

Scientific paper

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Galactic Clusters, Galactic Evolution, Gravitational Fields, Universe, Asymptotic Methods, Chandrasekhar Equation, Dark Matter, Power Spectra, Torque

Scientific paper

Stochastic fluctuations of the gravitational field in a collisionless, weakly clustered protogalactic system are induced by local fluctuations in the number density of small collapsed peaks. The probability distribution of the stochastic forces generated by these fluctuations is calculated, and a generalization of the Holtsmark distribution, previously studied in a stellar dynamical context by Chandrasekhar and Von Neumann and by Kandrup, is found. The probability distribution of the torques induced by these stochastic forces is also found, the analog of the Holtsmark law for the torque distribution is introduced, and different cases corresponding to different power laws are studied. These considerations are applied to realistic models of protogalactic and protocluster density perturbations. The force probability distribution is remarkably influenced by the clustering of substructure: the profile is more strongly peaked, and the asymptotic decay is almost suppressed, resulting in an enhanced probability near the average value.

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