Gravitational coefficients and internal structures of the icy Galilean satellites: an assessment of the Galileo Orbiter mission

Computer Science

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Callisto, Europa, Galileo Project, Ganymede, Gravitation, Planetary Composition, Radio Tracking, Flyby Missions, Orbit Perturbation, Orbital Elements, Spacecraft Trajectories

Scientific paper

Simulated radio tracking data from one flyby of Europa, two flybys of Ganymede, and two flybys of Callisto by the Galileo Orbiter yield estimates of the standard errors in the gravitational coefficient J2 of 44, 8.5, and 12 (in units of 10-6) for Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, respectively; errors in C22 (in units of 10-6) are 12, 1.7, and 2.1. These errors are sufficiently small that the values of J2 and C22 to be measured by Galileo should suffice to determine if the ice and rock in the satellite interiors are uniformly mixed or separated, so long as the bodies are in hydrostatic equilibrium.

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