Statistics – Applications
Scientific paper
Dec 1996
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996esasp.392...97l&link_type=abstract
Environment Modelling for Space-based Applications, Symposium Proceedings (ESA SP-392). ESTEC Noordwijk, 18-20 September 1996. E
Statistics
Applications
1
Scientific paper
Monte-Carlo simulation is an indispensable tool in the development of gamma-ray telescopes. One of the critical issues in the development phase is the estimation of the background noise expected in the detector in the space evironment. The main sources of this background are cosmic ray and trapped particle radidations as well as solar particles. In the last 30 years many simulation packages have been written but most of them were not designed for gamma-ray telescopes. None of these packages can perform an end to end simulation, i.e., predict the detector background noise based on the inputs of radiation environment and detector and spacecraft design. The solution to this problem is to combine the power of the each individual package and have an integrated suite of codes. GGOD is such a suite of codes which consists of the GEANT, GCALOR, OIRHET and DECAY packages and was compiled and developed at Southampton. One of the best used detector modelling packages is GEANT which was developed by CERN . It deals with all types of electro-magnetic interactions, but its main feature is the capability of modelling exceptionally complex systems. GCALOR is the GEANT interfaced version of the widely used CALOR code which is developed for calorimeter designs in high energy particle physics. In the GGOD suite GCALOR is responsible for simulating all hadronic particles, from thermal neutrons to TeV protons. ORIHET is a modified and expanded version of the code ORIGEN, which is responsible for the calculation of the build-up of induced radioactivity in the detector and spacecraft system. The DECAY code is used to convert the ORIHET calculated radioactivity into emission spectra using the decay data obtained from the Nuclear Data Bank. In this paper we report the successful applications of the GGOD simulation to some operational gamma-ray telescopes such as the HEAO-1, BATSE/CGRO and TGRE/WIND. We will discuss its application for future gamma-ray telescope development in the context of INTEGRAL, the next major gamma-ray mission.
Bird Andrew J.
Dean Anthony J.
Green A. R.
Lei Fengchun
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