Geometrical Analysis of AMIE/Smart-1 Images and Applications to Photometric Studies of the Lunar Surface

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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AMIE, the Advanced Moon micro-Imager Experiment on board the ESA lunar mission SMART-1, is an imaging system to survey the terrain in visible and near-infrared light. AMIE provides high resolution images obtained using a tele-objective with 5.3° x 5.3° field of view and a sensor of 1024 x 1024 pixels. The output images have resolution 45m/pixel at 500km, and are encoded with 10 bits/pixel. From the 300 Km pericenter altitude, the same field of view corresponds to a spatial resolution about 30 m/pixel. The FOV is shared by various filters, allowing to reconstruct mosaics of the surface in 3 colors, depending on pointing mode. Spot-pointing observations provide photometric sequences that allow to study the surface properties in restricted areas. One of the scientific objectives of the mission is to get high resolution imaging of the Moon surface, e.g. high latitude regions in the southern hemisphere.
In order to map the lunar surface with AMIE, systematic analysis and processing is being carried on using the whole data set. Geometrical analysis of AMIE images relies on the SPICE system: image coordinates are computed to get precise projection at the surface, and illumination angles are computed to analyze the photometric sequences. High resolution mosaics were constructed then compared to lower resolution Clementine UV-Vis and NIR images. Spot-pointing sequences are used to constrain the photometric and physical properties of surface materials in areas of interest, based on Hapke's modeling.
Optical alignment parameters in the Spice kernels have been refined and provide absolute coordinates in the IAU lunar frame (ULCN). They provide discrepancies with the Clementine basemap, ranging up to some 0.1° in the equatorial regions, as expected (e.g., Cook et al DPS 2002; Arcinal et al. EPSC 2006). A progress report will be presented at the conference.

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