Other
Scientific paper
Jul 1984
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984e%26psl..69..176b&link_type=abstract
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 69, Issue 1, p. 176-186.
Other
28
Scientific paper
A detailed submersible investigation of a 20-km segment of the East Pacific Rise near 12°50'N between the Orozco and Clipperton fracture zones has resulted in the localization of 24 active hydrothermal vent fields and over 80 sites of sulfide accumulations. The active vents range from low-temperature vents characterized by exotic benthic communities to high-temperature ``black smokers'' and the deposition of polymetallic sulfides. The study is based upon a combination of fine scale topography obtained using the SEABEAM sonar system on N/O ``Jean Charcot'', camera lowerings along the axis using the RAIE vehicle, and 32 dives by the submersible ``Cyana'' operating from N/O ``Le Suroit''. The observations made between the Orozco and Clipperton fracture zones show topographic highs situated along the strike of the accreting plate segment separated by a small ridge offset at 11°49'N. This offset divides this portion of the ridge into two separate spreading segments each of which has a primary topographic high along strike. Secondary highs are associated with each segment of the ridge separated by either small offsets (or relay zones) or in some cases, zones where spreading centers overlap. Dives made on the tops of both primary highs (12°50'N and 11°30'N) confirm the presence inferred from previous surface work of high-temperature vent fields while one reconnaissance dive (14°20'N) near the Orozco fracture zone/ridge axis intersection reveals the absence of any hydrothermal activity in the present or recent past. The vast majority of vent fields investigated were found at the topographic high near 12°50'N, are associated with the most recent period of volcanism, and are confined to lava ponds situated within the axial graben.
Ballard Robert D.
Francheteau Jean
Hekinian Roger
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