Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Signatures of Cosmic Ray Acceleration by Pulsars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Scientific paper

Since their discovery, pulsars were considered as one of the most promising candidate sources of cosmic rays because in the extreme cases (milisecond periods) they can in principle generate potentials able to accelerate particles up to ~ 1020 eV. In fact observations of nonthermal X-ray emission and also high energy γ-ray emission from nebulae around the youngest pulsars in Galaxy (e.g. Crab Nebula, Vela Nebula, PSR 1706-44) support that expectations. However, in spite of many efforts, the question of how and to what energies particles are accelerated by pulsars remains still unaswered. In this paper we review various models of particle acceleration by pulsars and estimates of pulsar's contribution to the cosmic ray content in the Galaxy. Recent predictions for the fluxes of γ-rays, neutrinos and neutrons, produced during the process of acceleration of particles and their propagation in the medium surrounding pulsars are discussed.

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